{"id":674,"date":"2026-02-26T12:54:34","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T15:54:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/?p=674"},"modified":"2026-02-26T12:54:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T15:54:34","slug":"administracao-cientifica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/26\/administracao-cientifica\/","title":{"rendered":"ADMINISTRA\u00c7\u00c3O CIENT\u00cdFICA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">A <strong>Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica<\/strong> \u00e9 uma abordagem da teoria administrativa desenvolvida no final do s\u00e9culo XIX e in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX. Seu principal idealizador foi Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) que defendia a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o da improvisa\u00e7\u00e3o por an\u00e1lises sistem\u00e1ticas de tempos e movimentos, padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o, divis\u00e3o do trabalho, incentivo salarial, sele\u00e7\u00e3o e treinamento.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_697\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-697\" style=\"width: 343px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-697 \" src=\"https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-26-de-fev.-de-2026-12_31_20-300x200.png\" alt=\"O ch\u00e3o de f\u00e1brica no per\u00edodo da Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica.\" width=\"343\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-26-de-fev.-de-2026-12_31_20-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-26-de-fev.-de-2026-12_31_20-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-26-de-fev.-de-2026-12_31_20-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-26-de-fev.-de-2026-12_31_20.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 343px) 100vw, 343px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-697\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Fonte: Imagem gerada por IA<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Contexto Hist\u00f3rico da Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">A Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica surgiu durante a Segunda Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial nos Estados Unidos em um per\u00edodo marcado pelo crescimento das ind\u00fastrias, produ\u00e7\u00e3o em larga escala, falta de padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o e baixa produtividade. Nesse contexto, Frederick Taylor prop\u00f4s substituir m\u00e9todos emp\u00edricos por m\u00e9todos cient\u00edficos de gest\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong> Princ\u00edpios da Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica e principais caracter\u00edsticas<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Taylor desenvolveu sua pesquisa no &#8220;ch\u00e3o de f\u00e1brica&#8221; com base em princ\u00edpios b\u00e1sicos como:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: upper-roman;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Planejamento e padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>: Substitui\u00e7\u00e3o do m\u00e9todo emp\u00edrico por m\u00e9todos cient\u00edficos no Estudo de Tempos e Movimentos e, an\u00e1lise detalhada de cada tarefa para identificar a forma mais r\u00e1pida e eficiente de execut\u00e1-la atrav\u00e9s da defini\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e9todos, ferramentas e rotinas padronizadas para garantir uniformidade na produ\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Preparo<\/strong>: Contudo, constitu\u00eda em selecionar e treinar cientificamente os trabalhadores com perfil adequado e treinamento espec\u00edfico para cada fun\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Controle<\/strong>: Supervis\u00e3o do trabalho para garantir que ele seja executado conforme os padr\u00f5es estabelecidos.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Execu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>: Do mesmo modo, a divis\u00e3o do trabalho determinava as fun\u00e7\u00f5es, responsabilidades\u00a0e a especializa\u00e7\u00e3o do oper\u00e1rio na execu\u00e7\u00e3o das tarefas e separa\u00e7\u00e3o clara da fun\u00e7\u00e3o da ger\u00eancia respons\u00e1vel pelo planejamento.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0<strong>Incentivos salarial: <\/strong>Consiste na remunera\u00e7\u00e3o por produtividade em que o oper\u00e1rio \u00e9 recompensado financeiramente conforme o que produz, isso baseia-se na premissa do <em>homo economicus<\/em>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong> Vantagens<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Nesse sentido, o taylorismo enfatizou o aumento da produtividade minimizando os desperd\u00edcios, aumentando a efici\u00eancia operacional e a produtividade por meio da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e9todos cient\u00edficos ao trabalho. Portanto, na padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o dos processos houve uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o de custos e maior controle gerencial.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Cr\u00edticas<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Posteriormente, surgiram muitas cr\u00edticas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos estudos de Taylor que caracterizava a vis\u00e3o mecanicista do trabalhador e a desconsidera\u00e7\u00e3o dos aspectos humanos e sociais. Simultaneamente, o trabalho repetitivo e alienante mostrou a \u00eanfase excessiva na tarefa e pouca aten\u00e7\u00e3o ao fator humano.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/16\/teorias-da-administracao\/\">https:\/\/admecomportamentos.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/16\/teorias-da-administracao\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Conclus\u00e3o<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Contudo, a Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica marcou o in\u00edcio da Teoria Cl\u00e1ssica da Administra\u00e7\u00e3o e contribuiu expressivamente para a profissionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da gest\u00e3o empresarial estabelecendo bases t\u00e9cnicas. Apesar das cr\u00edticas por sua rigidez, seus princ\u00edpios ainda influenciam pr\u00e1ticas modernas de gest\u00e3o, especialmente na organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de processos e opera\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederick_Taylor\"><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span dir=\"auto\" style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederick_Taylor<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica \u00e9 uma abordagem da teoria administrativa desenvolvida no final do s\u00e9culo XIX e in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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